Indonesia country guide: visas, airlines and living abroad

Understanding Indonesia

Indonesia requires a travel and relocation plan that reflects its geography, administrative arrangements and the traveller’s own circumstances. This guide brings together basic country information, aviation context, entry planning, longer-term residence considerations and practical preparation. A visitor, an international student, an employee and a person joining family may face different procedures even when they hold the same passport.

The country profile places Indonesia in South-Eastern Asia. The listed capital or administrative centre is Jakarta; the language metadata lists Indonesian. Currency information is presented as Indonesian rupiah (IDR), and the internet-domain information is .id. These details are useful when checking application addresses, interpreting invoices, identifying local services and arranging communication. A country-code domain identifies an internet namespace; it does not, by itself, authenticate an immigration service or establish an applicant’s eligibility.

Use the guide in two stages. First, understand the destination and prepare a realistic itinerary or relocation objective. Then confirm the applicable requirements with the authority responsible for your nationality, passport type, place of legal residence and purpose of travel. The country-specific official extracts below retain their source dates and scope. They must not be read as a universal visa decision for all passports, and an airline ticket or a consultation booking does not confer permission to enter.

Demographic, geographic and transport material attributed to the CIA World Factbook comes from its final archived edition. Figures retain their original reference years and are historical background rather than a claim that every statistic is current. Government travel-advice extracts are reproduced with attribution under the Open Government Licence. The sections on preparation are practical editorial guidance; they do not invent a visa category, processing guarantee or entitlement to permanent residence. Check the linked original advice again before travel, as the published snapshot can change. Map boundaries are illustrative and do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.

Country facts, geography and economic context

Historical country context, adapted from the public-domain CIA World Factbook final archive. Original dates are retained. These facts do not establish current entry or residence rights.

History and national context

Geographic position

Land area

Landscape

Climate and seasonal planning

Natural hazards

Environmental conditions

Geographic considerations

Capital and administrative centre

Regional administration

Settlement patterns

Population snapshot

Urban development

Major urban areas

Languages and communication

Religion and cultural context

Society and communities

Economic context

Industry and employment context

Agriculture

Trade and exports

Trade and imports

Legal-system background

Names and terminology

National holiday

Internet identity

Airport infrastructure

Rail infrastructure

Airlines and transport to Indonesia

Air travel to Indonesia should be planned around the actual operating airport, the operating carrier and the legal conditions at every connection. A marketed flight may be operated by another airline under a codeshare arrangement. Identify which carrier performs each sector, where checked luggage is transferred and whether a change of terminal or airport requires passing through immigration. A cheap connection is not necessarily usable if the traveller lacks the relevant transit or entry permission.

The airline information below uses IATA’s membership directory retrieved on 2026-10-10. Membership is a useful way to identify registered carriers and their airline codes, but it is not a complete census of airlines, a flight timetable or a statement that every carrier operates passenger services. Cargo airlines may also appear. Registration in Indonesia does not mean an airline serves the traveller’s departure city, and foreign airlines may be the practical option for reaching the destination. Consult the carrier and airport directly for current routes and operating restrictions.

IATA-listed carriers registered in this destination

• BBN Airlines Indonesia — IATA designator 0B
• Batik Air — IATA designator ID
• Citilink — IATA designator QG
• Garuda Indonesia — IATA designator GA
• Lion Air — IATA designator JT

Before paying for flights, check the spelling of the passenger name, passport validity, baggage entitlement, change conditions and refund rules. Compare a protected through-ticket with separate tickets: a missed connection on independently booked sectors may leave the traveller responsible for replacement transport and accommodation. Keep sufficient time for immigration, security screening and baggage collection, especially when arriving in Indonesia after a long international connection.

For an island, remote settlement or seasonal route, review the consequences of cancellation as carefully as the outward journey. Weather, runway limitations and operating schedules may restrict alternatives. Keep essential medicines, identification, payment methods and a change of clothing in hand luggage. Carry the address of the first accommodation and a reliable arrival contact. Never assume that a visa exemption also removes an airline’s document checks, or that approval for the destination automatically covers a transit country.

How to plan a visa application for Indonesia

Start with the intended activity rather than the name of a visa found on a commercial website. A short holiday, attendance at meetings, a paid assignment, an academic course and joining a spouse can require different permissions. Write a short factual description of the trip, its duration, who will pay and whether any work will be performed. The responsible authority can then assess the relevant category without relying on an ambiguous description such as “business travel”.

Next, establish which rules apply to the individual passport holder. Nationality, ordinary or diplomatic passport status, dual citizenship, existing residence permits and previous immigration history can affect the route. An entry exemption offered to one nationality should not be applied to another. Likewise, a resident of a neighbouring country may still need permission based on nationality. Where a guide quotes UK travel advice, its stated British-passport scope is retained; it is not a promise that another passport receives the same treatment in Indonesia.

Identify the correct application channel through an official embassy, consulate, immigration department or government portal. Check whether the application must be made from the applicant’s country of nationality or legal residence, and whether a third-party centre is officially appointed. Search advertisements and a country-code website address are not adequate evidence of authorisation. Confirm the official fee, currency, payment method and process for obtaining a receipt before transferring money or uploading identity documents.

Build the evidence file around the published checklist for the selected category. Possible evidence can include a passport, photographs, a travel plan, accommodation details, financial records, an invitation or proof of a family relationship, but the required list must come from the authority. Names, dates and addresses should be consistent across forms and supporting documents. Explain genuine discrepancies honestly; do not alter a bank record, conceal a refusal or submit a reservation that is presented as paid when it is not.

If translations, certification or legalisation are required, establish the accepted language and format before commissioning them. A translation accepted by a university or employer may not satisfy the immigration authority. Keep the source document, translator’s certification and any required legalisation together. Ask whether a digital upload is sufficient or originals must be produced at an appointment. Where biometrics or an interview are requested, attendance arrangements and passport retention may affect other planned journeys.

Submit only after reviewing every answer and retain the application reference, payment receipt and a complete copy of the evidence. Monitor the official account or authorised communication channel for requests. Respond within the stated period and keep a record of what was supplied. Processing-time estimates are planning information rather than guarantees; do not invent a completion date for Indonesia, and avoid non-refundable commitments until the documents and travel conditions are suitable.

When a decision is issued, examine the name, passport number, entry validity, permitted duration, number of entries and any activity restrictions. An approval letter may require a later step before boarding or after arrival. If an application is refused, read the reasons and the authority’s instructions for any review, appeal or new application. A different factual situation or corrected evidence should be explained clearly; repeatedly submitting an unchanged file is unlikely to resolve the underlying issue.

Indonesia: official entry, safety and health information

Country-specific official material reproduced from UK FCDO travel advice under the Open Government Licence v3.0. © Crown copyright. The entry section is scoped to British passport holders as stated by the source; other nationalities must check their own requirements. Source last updated: 2026-09-18T11:54:47+01:00. Retrieved 2026-10-10. Read the current original advice.

Warnings and insurance

Volcanic eruptions

Volcanic eruptions occur frequently across Indonesia. In the event of a volcanic eruption, follow the latest advice issued by the local authorities, including on areas to avoid, exclusion zones and actions to take if air quality is affected.

For more details, see Extreme weather and natural disasters on the Safety and security page.

Global travel impacts due to escalation in the Middle East

Escalation in the Middle East has caused widespread travel disruption, including airspace closures, delayed and cancelled flights.

Commercial options to leave Indonesia remain available, but your travel plans may be affected, even if your destination is not in the Middle East.Before you travel: 

• check travel advice for any countries or territories you are transiting through
• check for the latest updates from your airline or tour operator
• review your travel insurance policy for coverage
• monitor local and international media for the latest information and sign up for travel advice email alerts

Before you travel

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and get appropriate travel insurance. Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice  

FCDO provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out more about FCDO travel advice.

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Entry requirements

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel.

The authorities in Indonesia set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Indonesian Embassy in the UK.

Passport validity requirements

To enter Indonesia, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 6 months after the date you arrive and have at least 2 blank pages.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen.

Dual nationals

When returning to the UK, British citizens must carry a valid British passport or certificate of entitlement. See Dual citizenship.

Visa requirements

You must have a visa to visit Indonesia.

You can get a 30-day visa on arrival (VOA) for:

• tourism  
• visiting family or friends 
• some business activities and official meetings 
• buying goods 
• official government visits 

The VOA is not suitable for all business activities, volunteering, influencer work, or creating commercial online content. If you plan to create sponsored social media content, work as an influencer, or produce online content for commercial purposes while in Indonesia, you may need a different type of visa.  

Check which visa you need on the Indonesian immigration website. 

The VOA costs 500,000 Indonesian rupiah and can be paid by cash or card. It is valid for single entry only.  

To get a VOA, your passport must meet Indonesia’s entry requirements, and you must have proof of your onward or return journey. Most of the main airports and seaports issue VOAs. 

You can also apply online for a visa before you travel using the Indonesian immigration website. Apply at least one week before you leave. You can choose from several visa options, including multiple-entry visas and 60-day visas. 

Make sure your visa is approved before you arrive in Indonesia. If it is not approved before you travel, you may only be able to get a 30-day VOA. A visa approved after you enter Indonesia is not valid and you could face penalties for overstaying.

All Indonesia Declaration Form

Before travelling to Indonesia, fill out the online customs and health declaration on the All Indonesia arrival card website or app within 72 hours of arrival. The All Indonesia arrival card is a service free of charge and travellers should avoid accessing alternative websites or email links that request payment for this service.

After completing the form, you can also use the All Indonesia app to apply for a visa.

Extending your visa or residence permit

The 30-day visa can be extended once, for another 30 days, at any immigration office within Indonesia. If you applied online, you can get the extension on the Indonesian immigration website.

Make sure you extend your visa within the initial 30 days to avoid an overstay fine of 1 million rupiah a day.

KITAS extension (stay or work permit)

If you’re a KITAS holder with an expired stay permit, you can apply for an extension from outside Indonesia through a sponsor. The sponsor must submit the application to the immigration office attaching a copy of your passport and proof of your departure from Indonesia. The application is submitted without biometric sampling. The sponsor must report your arrival within 30 days.  

Visa scams

Beware of visa scams by fake visa agents who, having taken your money, may fail to provide a visa or supply the wrong visa. This could result in you overstaying and getting a fine of 1 million rupiah a day, plus possible deportation and a re-entry ban. Use the Indonesian immigration website to get or extend your visa.

Visa scams are increasing in Indonesia. Some travellers have lost significant amounts of money. Others have been deported despite paying a large fee to an agent to get the correct visa or extension.

Travellers are advised to use only the official government links provided via the FCDO travel advice to reduce the risk of engaging with fraudulent services.

Not following visa conditions

Using the wrong type of visa, or staying in Indonesia after your visa expires, is taken very seriously. It can lead to prosecution, detention and deportation at your own cost. The cost of overstaying your visa is one million rupiah a day.

If your visa will expire while you are in hospital or in detention, contact Indonesian Immigration before it expires to avoid any overstay fines.

You can find more information about visa overstays, deportation and how the British Embassy in Jakarta can help in these situations.

Registering with the police 

If you stay in private accommodation in Indonesia, you must register your presence with the local police at the nearest police station. You could be fined 5 million Indonesian rupiah if you do not register. If you’re staying in a hotel, you will be registered automatically.

Bali tourist levy

The Bali provincial government has introduced a tourist levy of 150,000 Indonesian rupiah (approximately £8) for all foreign tourists arriving in Bali. You can pay online or on arrival. See the Bali provincial government website for more details.

Vaccine requirements

To enter Indonesia, you must have a certificate to prove you’ve had a yellow fever vaccination if you’re coming from a country listed as a transmission risk.

For full details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s Indonesia guide.

Departure tax

Airport tax is included in the cost of all domestic flights within Indonesia. For some international flights departing Indonesia, airport departure tax might not be included in the price of the ticket. Check with your airline or travel agent before you travel.

Safety and security

This guide also has safety advice for regions of Indonesia.

Terrorism

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on staying safe and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad.

Terrorism in Indonesia   

Terrorists are likely to try to carry out attacks in Indonesia.

The threat from Islamist extremism remains high, though the Indonesian authorities continue to disrupt attack planning. Indonesian authorities report multiple arrests of alleged terrorists in the advanced stages of preparation.

Indonesian government and law enforcement interests and places of worship are regularly targeted by extremists. Western interests are also at risk. Small-scale attacks occur on a regular basis and further incidents are likely. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreign nationals. Potential targets include:

• beach resorts
• hotels, bars and restaurants
• markets and shopping malls hosting major international brand outlets
• tourist attractions
• places of worship
• foreign embassies
• polling stations
• ferry terminals and airports

There’s a heightened risk on and around:

• Christmas, New Year and Easter
• Chinese New Year
• Nyepi (Balinese New Year)
• Islamic celebrations and holidays such as Ramadan
• national and local elections
• presidential inaugurations
• Independence Day (17 August)

Follow the advice of the local authorities, and stay alert in crowded places and at large gatherings.

Recent attacks include:

• in 2022, a suicide bomber attacked a police post on Jalan Astana Anyar, in Bandung, West Java, killing one and injuring 8 people
• in 2021, there was a suicide attack outside the Catholic Cathedral Church at JaIan Kajaolalido, Makassar

Political situation

The political situation in Indonesia is stable. However, elections, internal and external developments, including in the Middle East, can trigger protests or unrest.

Avoid all protests, demonstrations and student and political rallies as they can become violent without warning.

Crime

Sexual assault

Reported cases of rape and sexual assault are high in Bali and Lombok. Be alert when out at night, and avoid areas that are poorly lit.

If you call a taxi, use only registered companies, such as Bluebird, Silverbird or Express, and check the driver’s identity. If you book with a mobile app, check the driver is the same as the person on the app, and share your journey with a friend using the app. Be wary of drivers claiming to be registered with app companies and trying to pick up passengers on the street.

Drink spiking

There have been reports of drink spiking linked to sexual assault in Bali, Lombok and the Gili Islands.

Watch your drinks being prepared, and do not leave them unattended. Do not accept drinks from strangers at clubs or parties.

Tourists have been assaulted or robbed after taking visitors to their hotel rooms, and in some cases have found that their drinks were spiked.

Protecting your belongings

Be aware of the risk of street crime such as bag-snatching and pickpocketing, particularly in busy tourist areas. There are often reports of bag-snatching in Bali. Conceal your bag as much as possible to reduce the risk. Carry only essential items and take care of your passport and bank cards.

Beware of thieves on public transport and at transport hubs. If you’re travelling by car, keep doors locked while driving.

Scams

Credit card fraud is common. Do not lose sight of your card during transactions. Criminals sometimes place a fake telephone number on ATMs advising customers to report problems so they can fraudulently ask for card details.

Unlicensed money changers may short-change you. Only use licensed currency exchanges, identified by a Bank of Indonesia logo and a QR code. Open the code to check the name of the business and its operating licence.

There has been a rise in the number of scams at tattoo parlours, nail salons and spas in Bali. Take care when choosing your provider and agree fees in advance.

Alcoholic drinks and drugs

Drinks served in bars can be stronger than those in the UK, usually because the measures of spirits are larger. In some cases, excessive drinking and taking drugs has resulted in accidents, injuries, robbery, assaults and lost travel documents. Some British nationals have suffered psychiatric problems caused by alcohol, drugs and a lack of sleep. Drink responsibly and be aware of your limits.

Methanol poisoning   

There have been deaths and cases of serious illness caused by alcoholic drinks containing methanol in Indonesia.

Methanol poisoning cases have resulted from drinks purchased in licensed bars, shops and hotels in tourist areas. Criminal gangs make counterfeit replicas of well-known alcohol brands and these could contain high amounts of methanol.

Even small amounts of methanol can kill. It is not possible to identify methanol in alcoholic drinks by taste or smell. See Travel Aware Spiking and methanol poisoning for information about how to reduce the risks.

Seek urgent medical attention if you or someone you are travelling with show the signs of methanol poisoning after drinking.

Laws and cultural differences

Ramadan

Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims. The dates vary by year and country. Ramadan in Indonesia is from 19 February to 20 March 2026. During this time, do not:

• eat, drink, smoke or chew gum in public in the daytime, including in your car
• play loud music or dance
• swear in public

Get more advice when you arrive from your tour guide, hotel or business contacts.

You should also:

• check opening hours of shops and restaurants
• be aware that if hotels and restaurants are providing food or drink in fasting hours, they may separate you from Islamic guests, for example with screens
• follow local dress codes – clothing that does not meet local dress codes may cause more offence at this time
• be aware that driving may be erratic, particularly when people are trying to get home at dusk
• be patient and show tolerance

Balinese New Year

Balinese New Year (‘Nyepi’) is on 19 March 2026. During this time, local custom requires that all people in Bali observe a day of silence by staying indoors, turning off lights, and making no noise. Ngurah Rai International Airport is closed for the entire day. However, emergency services and hospitals are allowed to operate.

Personal ID

You must always carry your passport or stay permit (such as KITAS or KITAP).

Illegal drugs and prison sentences

Do not get involved with illegal drugs in Indonesia. Possession, using, making or trafficking  illegal drugs is a serious crime. The Indonesian authorities have a zero-tolerance policy and those caught may face  long prison sentences or the death penalty. Legal cases can be lengthy and costly.

Cannabis and cannabis-based products, including medicinal cannabis, cannabis-based oils and creams, hemp-based products, CBD, THC, hash and edibles, are illegal in Indonesia. This applies whether it is carried in a bottle, vape, or any other form. The NHS has guidance explaining how cannabis oils differ and the risks they may carry.

British nationals have been caught and given  long prison sentences for drug offences. Criminal groups  sometimes pressure people into carrying drugs across borders. Do not allow yourself to be persuaded.

Airports in Indonesia have excellent technology and security for detecting illegal items, including cannabis. This is also used to scan the baggage of transiting passengers.

If you are detained by the police, it is important to understand your rights. The British embassy provides a guide to the legal and detention systems in Indonesia, but you must follow local laws and regulations. Any payments requested after arrest, that you agree to, are at your own discretion. 

In some venues drugs may be offered as free samples. Police often raid venues popular with foreigners, especially  in Bali. If police suspect drug use, you may be required to take a urine or blood test. A positive result will lead to arrest.

Alcohol laws and bans

The province of Aceh enforces Sharia law. It is the only province in Indonesia to do so and the laws apply to both Muslims and non-Muslims.

In Aceh, the consumption, production and distribution of alcohol are all illegal under Sharia law. Punishment following a Sharia court process is public caning.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual activity is illegal in the province of Aceh under Sharia law. Punishment following a Sharia court process includes public caning, a prison sentence or a fine payable in gold.

Across Indonesia, there have been reports of police arresting individuals at LGBT+ events. Some laws and regulations, including those related to pornography and prostitution, have been applied in a way that discriminates against the LGBT+ community. 

You should exercise caution and discretion, particularly in public spaces.

Read more advice for LGBT+ travellers.

Gambling

In the province of Aceh gambling is illegal under Sharia law. Punishment following a Sharia court process includes public caning, a prison sentence or a fine payable in gold.

Extra-marital sex

In the province of Aceh, extra-marital sex is illegal under Sharia law and punishable by public caning after a Sharia court process.

Indonesia’s new criminal code imposes penalties for cohabitation and sex outside of marriage if certain members of either party’s immediate family file a complaint.

Wildlife, animal products and souvenirs

It’s illegal to buy, sell, kill or capture any protected wild animal or trade its parts without a licence. If you’re caught buying or smuggling illegal wildlife products, you’ll be prosecuted and could receive a prison sentence and a fine.

Transport risks

Road travel

If you are planning to drive in Indonesia, see information on driving abroad.

You cannot drive using your UK driving licence. You can drive using an International Driving Permit (IDP) issued by the UK.  UK nationals who live in Indonesia and have a limited stay permit card (KITAS) can apply for an Indonesian national driving licence.

Before driving, riding or hiring any type of vehicle, ensure that you have the appropriate licence to do so. Check you are covered with your travel insurance company.

Driving conditions

Traffic discipline is very poor and there has been a large increase in moped and motorbike accidents – some fatal – in Bali. Wear a helmet in good condition if you’re riding a motorbike or moped.

Foreign nationals involved in even minor traffic violations or accidents may be vulnerable to extortion. Some multinational companies do not allow their expatriate staff to drive in Indonesia. Consider employing a private driver or hiring a car with a driver. 

If you’re involved in an accident, you must wait for the police at the scene. If you have concerns for your safety, move to another location. Make sure someone stays to watch your vehicle if it will not drive. Report the accident at a police station and show full co-operation. 

Sea travel

Travelling by boat or ferry can be dangerous as the sea conditions can change rapidly. Safety standards vary between providers. Vessels can be crowded and overloaded and are often poorly maintained.

Before you travel, check the availability of safety equipment such as life jackets and lifeboats. Life jackets suitable for children are not always available so you may need to bring your own. Avoid travelling after dark unless you’re satisfied the vessel is suitably equipped.

There is a high level of piracy and armed robbery against ships in and around the Sulu and Celebes seas and in the Malacca Straits. 

Mariners should be vigilant, set up secure areas on board and report all incidents to the coastal and flag state authorities.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Indonesia regularly experiences natural disasters such as severe weather, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and tsunamis.

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards.

Volcanic eruptions

Indonesia has many active volcanoes. Volcanoes can erupt without warning and have caused damage and loss of life. Local authorities may evacuate communities near an eruption, and exclusion zones can change at short notice

Check with local authorities and news reports for updates on exclusion zones and safety advice before travelling to areas that are prone to volcanic activity.

For the latest information check:

• Bureau of Meteorology Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre
• MAGMA Indonesia (only in Bahasa Indonesia language) for daily updates on status and alert levels
• National Disaster Management Authority – BNPB (only in Bahasa Indonesia language)
• Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System

While near any volcano, you should:

• respect exclusion zones
• monitor local media
• stay alert and listen to any local warnings
• follow the advice of the local authorities, including any evacuation orders

Sometimes valleys beyond local exclusion zones are affected by mud and debris flows. Volcanic ash may fall outside exclusion zones.

Ash clouds can affect flight schedules and the operation of regional airports. Check with your airline or travel company for the latest information.

Ash plumes and pollutants from volcanoes can affect air quality and have an impact on health. A fitted face mask may provide some protection from airborne particles. To reduce exposure to hazardous gases, stay inside and close doors and windows. Masks will be available in Indonesia – or buy your own before you travel.

If you have any pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as asthma, you might be at increased risk of triggering or worsening your symptoms. Make sure you travel with enough of your regular medicines.

Flooding

The rainy season usually runs from October to March. The wet season can be different in Eastern Indonesia, which usually runs from April to August.

Flash floods and widespread flooding can occur across Indonesia, damaging infrastructure, and causing injury and loss of life. There are landslides in mountainous and remote areas, but also in some urban areas/cities, especially Jakarta, and the island of Bali, can suffer severe localised flooding resulting in major traffic congestion and power outages. The main toll road to Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and other major roads in Jakarta can be affected by flooding.

Follow and monitor local and international weather updates. BMKG - Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency can be translated into English.

Earthquakes and tsunamis

Earthquakes happen regularly. If a major earthquake or landslide occurs close to shore, follow the instructions of local authorities, bearing in mind that a tsunami could arrive within minutes. The Indonesia Tsunami Early Warning Centre issues warnings when a potential tsunami with significant impact is imminent or expected. You can also use the BMKG Multi-Hazard Early Warning System app.

The US Federal Emergency Management Agency has advice about what to do before, during and after an earthquake or tsunami.

Wildfires

Wildfires in Indonesia’s forests are most severe during the dry season, usually from April to September. Many fires burn all year in the peat-rich soil.

The fires, mostly on Sumatra and Borneo, generate a widespread haze that affects air quality throughout the country.

Keep up to date with local information and seek medical advice on precautions. See Health. 

More information is available from the ASEAN Regional Haze Situation.

Outdoor activities and adventure tourism

Scuba diving

Diving school standards are not always as high as in the UK. You should:

• check a dive operator’s credentials
• make sure you’re covered by insurance
• make sure safety equipment is available on the boat, particularly oxygen
• ask about safety precautions, including the ability to transfer divers to a hyperbaric chamber

If you have not had any previous diving experience:

• ask your dive instructor to explain what cover they offer before signing up
• check what to do if something goes wrong, including how to call for help while at sea

Regional risks

This section has safety advice for regions of Indonesia. It only covers regions where FCDO has specific advice.

You should also read FCDO’s overall travel advice and safety and security advice.

Aceh

Aceh has emerged from a long period of internal conflict. Although violence against foreigners is rare, a British national was abducted in 2013 and there were 3 separate incidents in 2009 targeting foreigners. There have been reports of Sharia (religious) police harassing foreigners.

Be alert to the risk of politically motivated violence. Take particular care in remote areas. Keep up to date with local developments and avoid large crowds, especially political rallies.

Sharia law is in force in Aceh. See Safety and security.

Central Sulawesi Province

The political situation in Central Sulawesi Province is unsettled. Take particular care in Palu, Poso and Tentena. Be alert to the risk of politically motivated violence.

There is conflict between the Indonesian security forces and terrorists, including attacks on police and civilians in 2021. This conflict is predominantly in the Sigi, Parigi Moutong and Poso regions.

Maluku Islands

The Maluku Islands have experienced unrest and violence between different religious and tribal groups. Take particular care in Ambon Island, and also in Haruku Island (Pulau Haruku).

Papua region

Armed Papuan separatist groups are fighting for independence from Indonesia in the region of Papua. Violence has been steadily increasing since 2018. The Indonesian government has a heavy security presence throughout the region especially in Highland Papua and Central Papua provinces and along the border with Papua New Guinea.

There are regular armed clashes between Papuan separatist groups (known as the TPNPB-OPM) and government security forces, mainly in the regions of Highland Papua and Central Papua.

Clashes have resulted in civilian deaths, including foreign nationals. In 2020, a New Zealand national was shot dead and a number of Indonesian nationals were wounded in a mining facility in Highland Papua Province.

In February 2023:

• a New Zealand national was kidnapped by a separatist group in Nduga, Highland Papua Province
• the TPNPB-OPM issued a statement that foreigners in the Papua region would be targeted

There have been several instances of Papuan separatists attacking commercial aircraft that service remote communities from small local airfields, especially in Highland Papua and Central Papua provinces. This includes aircraft which are regularly used for transport by foreign nationals and those working in the region.

Political tensions have also led to violent demonstrations in cities across Papua, which have turned violent at short notice. Take local advice to help you avoid possible demonstrations and political rallies. Internet communications might be switched off in areas where demonstrations are planned. Make plans in advance in case you are affected.

The security situation in Highland Papua and Central Papua provinces is unpredictable and can change quickly. Take local advice to understand current tensions.   

In 2022, the Indonesian government passed new legislation to reform the governance and administration of the Papua region. Papua and West Papua have been reorganised into 6 provinces:

• Papua
• West Papua
• Central Papua
• Highland Papua
• South Papua
• Southwest Papua

If you have previously travelled to the area, make sure you check the updated map.

The UK government has no permanent presence in the region. Support for British nationals is managed remotely from Jakarta. There are limited hospital facilities in the region. If you need emergency medical treatment, you are likely to be medically evacuated to Darwin in Australia.

Health

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have appropriate travel insurance for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Call 118 and ask for an ambulance. 

Contact your insurance company quickly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks   

At least 8 weeks before your trip:

• check the latest vaccine recommendations for Indonesia
• see where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you’ll face in Indonesia, including:

• poor air quality
• Zika virus
• malaria
• dengue

Air pollution

Air quality in Indonesia’s major cities can reach levels classed as ‘unhealthy for sensitive groups’ or ‘unhealthy’. You can check current air quality data for Jakarta on the Air Quality Index website.

Ash plumes from volcanoes can have an impact on health, particularly for anyone with pre-existing respiratory conditions. If you’re affected, get advice on how to prepare and cope with ash fall. 

During the dry season from May to November, widespread wildfires cause smoke haze, which drifts across parts of Indonesia, particularly Riau Islands, central Sumatra and Kalimantan. The haze can cause disruption to local and regional air travel, and the air pollution has an impact on public health. Keep up to date with local information and seek medical advice on appropriate precautions. A regional haze map is available from the Singapore Meteorological Service.

Tap water

Tap water is not safe to drink in Indonesia.

Altitude sickness

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of Indonesia. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro. 

Rabies

 There are many street dogs in Bali and elsewhere, and monkeys around temples and tourist areas. Rabies exists in both wild and domestic animals, including pets. Seek immediate medical assistance if you’re bitten or scratched.

 Medication

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

TravelHealthPro explains best practice when travelling with medicines.

Healthcare in Indonesia

The standard of local medical care can be poor and some medical tests cannot be performed reliably. Psychological and psychiatric services are also limited.

Good medical care can be expensive. In remote areas, you may not be able to get treatment for serious injuries or illness. Medical evacuation can cost tens of thousands of pounds. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in Indonesia where some staff will speak English.

See guidance on healthcare if you’re living in Indonesia.

Travel and mental health

Read FCDO guidance on travel and mental health. There is also guidance on TravelHealthPro.

Expatriates, employment and immigration in Indonesia

A temporary visit to Indonesia and permission to reside there are separate planning questions. The terms “expatriate”, “immigrant” and “resident” describe circumstances, but they do not identify an immigration category by themselves. Determine the lawful basis for the intended stay and whether the application is made before travel or through a permitted procedure after arrival. This guide does not assume that a visitor can change status locally, obtain employment or remain indefinitely.

For employment, confirm whether the prospective employer must sponsor the applicant, obtain an approval or demonstrate particular conditions before the worker applies. Ask whether the permission is tied to a specific employer, occupation or location and what happens if the employment ends. Professional licensing, recognition of qualifications and an immigration work authorisation may be separate requirements. A job offer without the required permission should not be treated as a lawful start date.

International students should verify the institution, course eligibility and the immigration requirements directly with the competent offices. Admission, tuition payment and a student visa are separate milestones. Establish whether part-time work is allowed, whether dependants can accompany the student and what options exist after the course. Do not infer work rights or a settlement route from a school’s marketing claims. Keep a budget for study, accommodation, insurance and the return journey.

For family migration, establish which relationships are recognised and what evidence is accepted. Marriage, partnership, parenthood or dependency may involve different procedures, and a family member’s nationality does not automatically settle the applicant’s rights. Check income, accommodation or sponsorship requirements where applicable. Document custody and consent for children travelling with one parent. If names differ across civil records, obtain appropriate explanations and accepted supporting documents.

Long-term residence and citizenship should be researched as distinct stages. Temporary permits can expire, require renewal or impose limits on absence. Permanent status may have separate qualifying conditions, and naturalisation may involve language, residence, conduct or other legal tests. No number of years or automatic entitlement is promised here for Indonesia. Before relying on a future route, ask the responsible authority or a qualified local adviser to identify the current provision and its conditions.

Practical preparation for living in Indonesia

The language information for Indonesia lists Indonesian. Identify the language used by the office handling the application and by the intended employer, school, clinic or landlord. A multilingual country can have significant regional differences. Arrange interpretation when accuracy matters, particularly for a contract or medical consultation, and keep translated copies of essential information. Everyday language learning can help integration, but it does not replace a required certified translation.

Use Indonesian rupiah (IDR) as the starting point for a local budget and verify the monetary arrangements with the relevant central bank or financial institution. Avoid treating an old exchange-rate statistic as a quote for a present transaction. Separate immigration fees, transport, deposits, accommodation, utilities, insurance and professional charges. Compare the exchange rate, transfer fee and receiving-bank cost, and keep a reserve for a delayed arrival or an unexpected return journey.

An accommodation decision should follow the lawful duration and purpose of stay. Verify the property, the landlord’s authority and the contract before paying a deposit. Ask about utilities, notice periods, registration documents and refund conditions. A temporary booking can provide flexibility while the newcomer checks a neighbourhood and travel times. If accommodation evidence is needed for an application, confirm the accepted form with the authority rather than assuming that every informal invitation or booking is sufficient.

Healthcare preparation should reflect both the traveller’s health and the local services available. Review the country-specific health advice where supplied, consult an appropriate clinician for vaccinations or medication questions, and check the insurance wording. Carry prescriptions and establish the rules for importing controlled medicines. A familiar medicine brand may not be available in Indonesia; plan continuity of treatment through a legitimate provider. Insurance should cover the actual activities and circumstances of the stay.

Families should assess schools, childcare, accessibility and the effect of the move on each member’s legal status. Check enrolment documents and whether translated academic or vaccination records are required. An adult’s work permission does not necessarily give a spouse work rights or a child access to every service. A realistic plan includes transport, communication, emergency contacts and arrangements if one family member’s application is delayed or refused.

Tax residence, immigration residence and access to public services can be governed by different rules. A person may need professional advice about income earned abroad, employment deductions or obligations in both the departure and destination jurisdictions. Do not infer tax treatment from an immigration label. Keep records of arrival and departure dates, contracts and payments, and ask a qualified adviser to identify the relevant rules for the actual circumstances.

After arrival, check whether a residence card, address registration, identity number or another local procedure is required by the authorised route. Maintain a calendar of expiry dates and renewal windows using the official instructions. Keep important records securely, with a backup available if a device is lost. When leaving Indonesia, settle contractual obligations, retain payment evidence and check whether departure affects a continuing permission or a future return.

A preparation checklist for Indonesia

Prepare one coherent personal record before consulting an adviser. It should state the traveller’s nationality, passport type, current legal residence, destination, intended dates and purpose. Include dependants and all transit points. This simple profile reduces misunderstandings and helps the adviser distinguish a visitor application from employment, study or family residence. Leave out unnecessary sensitive documents until the recipient and purpose have been verified.

Create a document register with the issuing body, issue date, expiry date, language and any certification requirement for each item. Note whether an original, copy or digital version is accepted. This is particularly useful for civil records and qualifications that may take time to obtain. A well-organised file makes it easier to answer a request for additional evidence without accidentally sending contradictory versions of the same document.

Use a financial worksheet that separates the application cost from the cost of the journey and the first period in Indonesia. Record which payments are refundable and what conditions apply. A consultation charge, government visa fee, airline ticket and accommodation deposit are different transactions with different terms. Request itemised invoices and retain receipts; a single total described as a “visa package” can obscure what has actually been purchased.

Before submitting the application, read the form as a whole. Check dates against the itinerary, employment details against the contract and funds against the stated budget. Where an explanation is needed, make it factual and concise. If a representative prepares the application, review it yourself before signing. Responsibility for the truth of the information should not be delegated to an adviser or a travel agent.

Before departure, check the current official entry and travel advice, the transport operating status, the documents required at boarding and any arrival formalities. Download essential records for offline use and keep paper copies where practical. Share the itinerary with a trusted contact and confirm the first arrival transfer. A complete application file is useful, but it is the current permission and actual travel conditions that determine whether the planned journey can proceed.

Choosing assistance for a Indonesia application

Select a consultant by relevant experience and a clear written scope. Ask which part of the process the consultation covers: identifying an appropriate category, explaining a checklist, reviewing evidence or representing the applicant where permitted. The adviser should distinguish general preparation from legal representation and identify any local licensing or authorisation required for the service. A confident sales statement is not a substitute for a source-backed explanation.

Request a written fee breakdown and understand what is excluded. Government charges, translations, courier costs, appointments and further representation may be separate. Ask who will handle the file, how questions are answered and what records the customer receives. A consultant should not promise guaranteed approval or claim influence over the decision-maker. The authority responsible for Indonesia determines the outcome under the applicable rules.

When using VisaWand, compare the profile, the consultation scope and the displayed fee before booking. The consultation is an opportunity to clarify the route and preparation; it does not itself create entry permission. Keep control of original documents, email accounts and official application credentials. Provide sensitive material only through an appropriate verified channel, and ask how it will be stored, used and deleted when the service ends.